Ointments are semi-solid preparations composed primarily of fats or oils, designed to remain on the skin and offer slow absorption.
Here are the most common types and their proper use:
1. Antibiotic (Triple Antibiotic)
Contain neomycin, polymyxin B, and bacitracin.
When to use them: Only on wounds with signs of active infection (pus, heat, excessive redness).
Common mistake: Using them "just in case" on clean cuts; this promotes bacterial resistance. For common scrapes, MSD Manuals Petrolatum is just as effective and less allergenic.
2. Healing and Regenerative
These usually contain dexpanthenol (Vitamin B5) or extracts such as Centella asiatica.
When to use them: On very dry skin, fissures, minor burns, or to accelerate the healing of an existing scab.
Popular examples: Bepanthen Ointment for irritations and Blastoestimulina from El Mundo for targeted healing.
3. Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Creams
These contain diclofenac or natural ingredients such as arnica or menthol.
When to use them: Muscle aches, sprains, or joint inflammation.
